Generic Name: ciprofloxacin (oral) (SIP roe FLOX a sin)
Brand Names: Cipro, Cipro XR, Proquin XR
What is ciprofloxacin?
Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic in a group of drugs called fluoroquinolones (flor-o-KWIN-o-lones). Ciprofloxacin fights bacteria in the body.
Ciprofloxacin is used to treat different types of bacterial infections.
Ciprofloxacin may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
What is the most important information I should know about ciprofloxacin?
You should not use this medication if you are taking tizanidine (Zanaflex), if you have a history of myasthenia gravis, or if you are allergic to ciprofloxacin (Cipro) or similar antibiotics such as gemifloxacin (Factive), levofloxacin (Levaquin), moxifloxacin (Avelox), norfloxacin (Noroxin), and others.
Before taking ciprofloxacin, tell your doctor if you have a heart rhythm disorder, kidney or liver disease, joint problems, diabetes, muscle weakness or trouble breathing, a condition called pseudotumor cerebri, a history of seizures, a history of head injury or brain tumor, low levels of potassium in your blood, a personal or family history of Long QT syndrome, or if you have ever had an allergic reaction to an antibiotic.
Do not take ciprofloxacin with dairy products such as milk or yogurt, or with calcium-fortified juice. Avoid taking antacids, vitamin or mineral supplements, sucralfate (Carafate), or didanosine (Videx) powder or chewable tablets within 6 hours before or 2 hours after you take ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin may cause swelling or tearing of a tendon (the fiber that connects bones to muscles in the body), especially in the Achilles' tendon of the heel. Stop taking ciprofloxacin and call your doctor at once if you have sudden pain, swelling, tenderness, stiffness, or movement problems in any of your joints. Rest the joint until you receive medical care or instructions.
What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking ciprofloxacin?
You should not use ciprofloxacin if:
you are also taking tizanidine (Zanaflex);
you have a history of myasthenia gravis; or
you are allergic to ciprofloxacin or similar medications such as gemifloxacin (Factive), levofloxacin (Levaquin), moxifloxacin (Avelox), ofloxacin (Floxin), norfloxacin (Noroxin), and others.
To make sure you can safely take ciprofloxacin, tell your doctor if you have any of these other conditions:
heart rhythm disorder, especially if you take quinidine (Quin-G), disopyramide (Norpace), bretylium (Bretylol), procainamide (Pronestyl, Procan SR), amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone), or sotalol (Betapace);
a history of head injury or brain tumor;
a condition called pseudotumor cerebri (high pressure inside the skull that may cause headaches, vision loss, or other symptoms);
a history of allergic reaction to an antibiotic;
joint problems;
kidney or liver disease;
epilepsy or seizures;
diabetes;
muscle weakness or trouble breathing;
low levels of potassium in your blood (hypokalemia); or
a personal or family history of Long QT syndrome.
FDA pregnancy category C. It is not known whether ciprofloxacin will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant while using this medication. Ciprofloxacin passes into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby. Ciprofloxacin may cause swelling or tearing of a tendon (the fiber that connects bones to muscles in the body), especially in the Achilles' tendon of the heel. These effects may be more likely to occur if you are over 60, if you take steroid medication, or if you have had a kidney, heart, or lung transplant. Stop taking ciprofloxacin and call your doctor at once if you have sudden pain, swelling, tenderness, stiffness, or movement problems in any of your joints. Rest the joint until you receive medical care or instructions. Do not share this medication with another person (especially a child), even if they have the same symptoms you have.
How should I take ciprofloxacin?
Take exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not take in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Follow the directions on your prescription label.
Take ciprofloxacin with a full glass of water (8 ounces). Drink several extra glasses of fluid each day while you are taking ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin may be taken with or without food, but take it at the same time each day. Shake the oral suspension (liquid) for at least 15 seconds just before you measure a dose. To be sure you get the correct dose, measure the liquid with a marked measuring spoon or medicine cup, not with a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.
When taking the oral liquid, swallow it without chewing the medicine beads you may notice in the liquid.
Do not crush, chew, or break an extended-release tablet. Swallow it whole. Breaking the pill may cause too much of the drug to be released at one time. Do not take ciprofloxacin with dairy products such as milk or yogurt, or with calcium-fortified juice. You may eat or drink these products as part of a regular meal, but do not use them alone when taking ciprofloxacin. They could make the medication less effective. Take this medication for the full prescribed length of time. Your symptoms may improve before the infection is completely cleared. Skipping doses may also increase your risk of further infection that is resistant to antibiotics. Ciprofloxacin will not treat a viral infection such as the common cold or flu. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Do not allow the liquid medicine to freeze.
What happens if I miss a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
What happens if I overdose?
Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. Overdose symptoms may include seizures, urination problems, weakness, or blue lips with pale skin.
What should I avoid while taking ciprofloxacin?
You may be taking certain other medicines that should not be taken at the same time as ciprofloxacin. Avoid taking the following medicines within 6 hours before or 2 hours after you take ciprofloxacin. These other medicines can make ciprofloxacin much less effective when taken at the same time:
antacids that contain calcium, magnesium or aluminum (such as Tums, Mylanta, or Rolaids);
the ulcer medicine sucralfate (Carafate);
didanosine (Videx) powder or chewable tablets; or
vitamin or mineral supplements that contain calcium, iron, or zinc.
Avoid caffeine while you are taking ciprofloxacin, because the medication can make the effects of caffeine stronger. Avoid exposure to sunlight or tanning beds. Ciprofloxacin can make you sunburn more easily. Wear protective clothing and use sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher) when you are outdoors. Call your doctor if you have severe burning, redness, itching, rash, or swelling after being in the sun.
Antibiotic medicines can cause diarrhea, which may be a sign of a new infection. If you have diarrhea that is watery or bloody, stop taking ciprofloxacin and call your doctor. Do not use anti-diarrhea medicine unless your doctor tells you to.
Ciprofloxacin may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert.
Ciprofloxacin side effects
Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using ciprofloxacin and call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as:
severe dizziness, fainting, fast or pounding heartbeats;
sudden pain, snapping or popping sound, bruising, swelling, tenderness, stiffness, or loss of movement in any of your joints;
diarrhea that is watery or bloody;
confusion, hallucinations, depression, unusual thoughts or behavior;
seizure (convulsions);
severe headache, ringing in your ears, dizziness, nausea, vision problems, pain behind your eyes;
pale or yellowed skin, dark colored urine, fever, weakness;
urinating less than usual or not at all;
easy bruising or bleeding;
numbness, tingling, or unusual pain anywhere in your body;
the first sign of any skin rash, no matter how mild; or
severe skin reaction -- fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain, followed by a red or purple skin rash that spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling.
Less serious side effects may include:
nausea, vomiting;
dizziness or drowsiness;
blurred vision;
feeling nervous, anxious, or agitated; or
sleep problems (insomnia or nightmares).
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
What other drugs will affect ciprofloxacin?
Do not take ciprofloxacin together with tizanidine (Zanaflex).
Tell your doctor about all other medicines you use, especially:
a blood thinner such as warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven);
clozapine (Clozaril, FazaClo);
cyclosporine (Gengraf, Neoral, Sandimmune);
glyburide (Micronase, Diabeta, Glynase);
methotrexate (Rheumatrex, Trexall);
metoclopramide (Reglan);
phenytoin (Dilantin);
probenecid (Benemid);
ropinirole (Requip);
theophylline (Elixophyllin, Theo-24, Theochron, Uniphyl);
an NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn, Naprelan, Treximet), celecoxib (Celebrex), diclofenac (Arthrotec, Cambia, Cataflam, Voltaren, Flector Patch, Pennsaid, Solareze), indomethacin (Indocin), meloxicam (Mobic), and others; or
steroid medication (prednisone and others).
This list is not complete and other drugs may interact with ciprofloxacin. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.
More Proquin XR resources
- Proquin XR Side Effects (in more detail)
- Proquin XR Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
- Proquin XR Drug Interactions
- Proquin XR Support Group
- 0 Reviews for Proquin XR - Add your own review/rating
- Proquin XR Extended-Release Tablets MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)
- Proquin XR Prescribing Information (FDA)
- Proquin XR Consumer Overview
- Ciprofloxacin Prescribing Information (FDA)
- Ciprofloxacin Professional Patient Advice (Wolters Kluwer)
- Cipro Prescribing Information (FDA)
- Cipro Advanced Consumer (Micromedex) - Includes Dosage Information
- Cipro Consumer Overview
- Cipro MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)
- Cipro I.V.
- Cipro I.V. MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)
- Cipro XR Extended-Release Tablets MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)
- Cipro XR Prescribing Information (FDA)
- Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride Monograph (AHFS DI)
Compare Proquin XR with other medications
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Where can I get more information?
- Your pharmacist can provide more information about ciprofloxacin.
See also: Proquin XR side effects (in more detail)
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